After Carroll, 1988, Long 1990, Märss & Gagnier, 2001 and Williams, 1999-2000
Family-level taxonomy of basal Chondrichthyes.
<==o Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 (rustokalat) |?- †Polymerolepis |?- †Pilolepis margaritifera Thorsteinsson |?-o †Pucapampella Maisey, 2001; Dev. SA., SAf. | `-- †P. rodrigae |?- †Mongolepida Karatajüte-Talimaa et al. 1990 |?- †Omalodontida `--+?- †Leonodus carlsi Mader, 1986, L. Dev. Eu. |?-o †Coronodontia [Coronodontiformes; Coronodontida Zangerl, 1981] | |-- †Siamodus janvieri Long, 1990 | |--o †Coronodus | | |-- †C. plademodus | | `-- †C. reimanni Bryant, 1923 | `--o †Diademodus [Tieradontus] | |-- †D. hydei Harris, 1950 | `-- †D. sp. `--+--o †Cladoselachimorpha | `-- †Cladoselachiformes Dean, 1909c `--o Euchondrocephali |?-o †Helodontiformes | `--o †Helodontidae | |-- †Helodus [Diclitodus, Pleurodus, Pleuroplax] U. Dev. L. Perm. NA. Miss. Penn. Eu. Perm. Aus. | `--o †Venustodus St. John & Worthen, 1875 [Lophodus, Oxytomodus, ?Rhampodus, Tomodus] Miss. Eu. NA. [regarded as Cochliodontidae incertae sedis by Elliott et al., 2004] | |-- †V. argutus St. John & Worthen, 1875 | |-- †V. robustus St.John & Worthen, 1875a | |-- †V. leidyi St.John & Worthen, 1875 | `-- †V. sp. Miss. WNA. |-- Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 (leveäsuiset, true sharks) `--+== †Symmorida Zangerl, 1981 [Symmoriiformes] `--o Holocephali Bonaparte, 1832-41 (koppapäiset) |?- †Squaloraia [Spinocorhinus] L. Jur. Eu. [Squalorajidae] |-- †Paraselachimorpha [paraphyletic?] `-- Holocephalimorpha (sillikuningaskalat; holocephalans, rabbitfish, chimaerans) Chondrichthyes incertae sedis: †Aganacanthus striatulus Traquair, 1884; Low.Carb.: Edinburgh, Scotland †Amacanthus gibbosus Newberry, & Worthen, 1866; Mississippian: St.Louis, MO †Anodontacanthus pussilus Hussakof & Bryant, 1918; Mid.Dev.: NY †Antacanthus insignis Dewalque, 1877; Low.Carb.: IO; MO; MS; Belgium †Batacanthus baculiformis St.John & Worthen, 1875; Low.Carb.: IO; MO †Bulbocanthus rugosus Bryant, 1932; Bear Tooth Butte, WY †Bythiacanthus vanhornei St.John & Worthen, 1875; Low.Carb.: Alton, IL †Chalazacanthus verrucosus Davis, 1883; Low.Carb.: Bristol, England †Chondrichthyes genera et species indet. Penn. NA. [Bear Gluch, Montana] †Cosmacanthus malcolmsoni Agassiz, 1844; Dev.: Elgin, England †Crassidonta stuckenbergi Branson, 1916; Lower Permian: WY; Western Australia †Cynopodius crenulatus Traquair, 1916; Low.Carb.: Scotland †Deltoptychius - Carb.: Queensland, Australia †Drepanacanthus anceps Newberry, & Worthen, 1866; Penn.: Springfield, IL †Elegestolepis grossi Karatajute-Talimaa, 1973; Upper Silurian: Tuwa, Indonesia †Ellesmereia schultzei Vieth, 1980; Low.Dev.: NW Territory, Canada †Euctenius elegans Traquair, 1881; Low.Carb.: Edinburgh, Scotland †Euctenodopsis tenuis Wellburn, 1901; Low.Carb.: Lancashire, England †Euphyacanthus semistriatus Traquair, 1894; Low.Carb.: Edinburg, Scotland †Geisacanthus stellatus St.John & Worthen, 1875A; Miss.: St.Louis, MO †Glossodus linguabouis (White & Moy-Thomas, 1940) [Euglossodus]- Low.Carb.: Armagh, Ireland †Glymmatacanthus irishi St.John & Worthen, 1875A; Miss.: LeGrande, IO †Gnathacanthus triangularis - Low.Carb.: Armagh, Ireland †Hamiltonichthyes mapesi Maisey, 1989; Upper Pennsylvanian: KS †Homacanthus arcuatus Agassiz, 1845; Devonian: Russia †Iberolepsis aragonensis Mader, 1986; Low.Dev.: N.Spain †Knerialepis mashkovae (Karatajute-Talimaa, 1997) Hanke & Karatajute-Talimaa, 2002, L. Dev. EEu. [non Kneria, a gonorynchiform actinopterygian fish] †Lispacanthus retrogradus Davis, 1883; Low.Carb.: Armagh, Ireland †Lophacanthus tailori Stock, 1880; Up.Carb.: Newsham, England †Lunatepis leonensis Mader, 1986; Low.Dev.: N.Spain †Maplemillia costata Gross, 1973; Up.Dev.: Washington Co., IO †Margaritacanthus margaritatus White & Moy-Thomas, 1940 [Eucanthus] - Mid.Carb.: Moscow, Russia †Multidentodus typicus Harlton, 1933; Miss.: OK †Ostinaspis coronata Trautschold, 1879; Mid.Carb.: Mjatschkowa, Russia †Ostracanthus dilatus Davis, 1879; Up.Carb.: Yorkshire, England †Pleurodus †P. affinis - Carb.: Newsham, England †P. woodi Hancock & Althey, 1872; Low.Carb.: Yorkshire, England †Pleuroplax rankinei - Carb.: Airdrie, Scotland †Ptychacanthus sublaevis Agassiz, 1837; Low.Carb.: Scotland †Rhamphodus dispar Davis, 1883; Low.Carb.: Armagh, Ireland †Scolopodus striatus "oklahomensis" Harlton, 1933 ? †Skamolepis Griffin, 1980; Up.Dev.: New South Wales, Australia †Stichacanthus coemansi de Koninck, 1878a; Low.Carb.: Belg. †Thaumatacanthus blandfordi Waagen, 1878a; Upper Permian: Pakistan †Tomodus convexus - Carb.: Queensland, Australia; Beith, Scotland †Tubulacanthus sulcatus Fritsch, 1889b; ?Permian: Kounova, Czechoslovakia †Xystracanthus arcuatus Leidy, 1859c; Pennsylvanian: KS
Reference(s):
- Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Carroll, R. L., 1988: Appendix. 594-648.
in Carroll, R. L., 1988: Vertebrate paleontology and evolution.
–W. H. Freeman and company, New York, 1988, 698. - Frickhinger, K. A., 1995: Fossil Atlas - Fishes.
–Mergus - Publishers for Natural History and Pet Books, Hans A.Baensch, Malle, Germany, 1995, 1-1088 - Elliott, D. K., Irmis, R. B., Hansen, M. C. & Olson, T. J., 2004: Chondrichthyans from the Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) Naco Formation of central Arizona.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 24, #2, pp. 268-280 - Hanke, G. F. & Karatajute-Talimaa, V. N., 2002: Knerialepis, a new generic name to replace Kneria Karatajute-Talimaa, 1997.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 22, #3, pp. 703 - Long, J. A., 1990: Late Devonian chondrichthyans and other microvertebrate remains from northrtn Thailand.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 10, #1, pp. 59-71 - Long, J. A., 1995: The Rise of Fishes: 500 million years of evolution.
–Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London, pp. 1-223 - Miller, R. F., Cloutier, R. & Turner, S., 2003: The oldest articulated chondrichthyan from the Early Devonian Period.
–Nature: Vol. 425, pp. 501-504 - Märss, T. & Gagnier, P.-Y., 2001: A new chondrichthyan from the Wenlock, Lower Silurian, of Baillie-Hamilton Island, The Canadian Arctic.
–Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 21, #4, pp. 693-701 - Nelson, J. S., 1994: Fishes of the world.
–John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1994, xx-600 - Williams, G. S., 1999-2000: A Listing of Fossil Sharks and Rays of the World.
–iNet: Gainesville's [Hogtown] Creek Fossils: Euselachii: http://www.afn.org/~afn02877/eusel.html