Notes on Melampyrum pratense

Melampyrum pratense L. (Scrophulariaceae) is known to be a variable species, and population studies on it have been carried e.g. in Finland. However, usually no intraspecific taxa are recognized. A group of populations possess the most spectacular blossom within the species: (i) the flowers of these plants are concentrated towards the stem apex to form a dense main inflorescence, (ii) more than only one or a few pairs of the flowers are in blossom simultaneously, (iii) the corolla is larger, (iv) the corolla is deep yellow throughout (mostly with some green in the upper lip), (v) the uppermost bracts are smaller, and (vi) the uppermost bracts are more deeply laciniate.  The plant is truly showy because of the floral features, the small uppermost bracts, and also because it tends to grow in dense, often sharply delimited stands (it may thus also display some ecological difference as compared with the other races and populations of M. pratense). These showy populations dwell especially at the southern coastal areas of Finland. According my observations, this kind of plants dominate among the variability of the species e.g. in the Kotka area. M. pratense var. hians Druce applies to these plants which, admittedly, are not always sharply separated from the remainder populations of the species. At the species level, the name is M. hians (Druce) Tzvelev.
    A good colour photograph of the present taxon is given on p. 553 (as M. pratense) in the work
Jalas, J. (ed.) 1980: Suuri kasvikirja. 3. 944 p. Otava. Helsinki.

Created August 5, 2004. Latest revision January 15, 2008.